Although machines are not dangerous in and of themselves, their use does involve risks that can compromise worker safety. For this reason, industrial safety regulations require that all machines meet requirements appropriate to the type of equipment and work system in question.
In this article, we review the applicable regulations and the main risks associated with industrial machinery, as well as the preventive measures that help reduce workplace accidents.
Basic machinery safety regulations
In Spain, the main legal provisions related to machine safety are:
- Royal Decree 1435/1992, which transposes the Machinery Safety Directive (89/392/EEC).
- Royal Decree 56/1995, which amends the previous one.
- Royal Decree 1215/1997, which establishes the minimum health and safety requirements for the use of work equipment.
- Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC, in force at the European level.
👉 Si quieres ampliar información sobre normativa y adecuación, consulta nuestra página de servicio sobre Adecuación de máquinas al RD 1215/97.
Main Types of Risks in Industrial Machinery
Mechanical Hazards
- Injuries caused by contact with moving parts:
- Cutting or slicing (knives, saws).
- Cizallamiento y punzonamiento.
- Crushing between moving and stationary parts.
- Clothing or hair getting caught or snagged.
- Friction or abrasion on rough surfaces.
- High-pressure fluid jetting.
Electrical Hazards
Direct contact with live conductors.
Indirect contact due to insulation failures.
Electrostatic discharges.
Short circuits and overloads that pose a fire hazard.
Thermal Hazards
Burns caused by contact with hot surfaces, steam, or molten materials.
Risk of freezing at low temperatures.
Noise and Vibration Hazards
Irreversible hearing loss.
Irreversible hearing loss.
👉 Relacionado: conoce nuestras soluciones de acústica y vibraciones
para reducir estos riesgos.
Radiation Risks
Ionizing radiation: X-rays, cancer risk.
Non-ionizing: lasers, UV, or microwaves, which can cause damage to the skin and eyes.
Chemical hazards and exposure to hazardous substances
Inhalation of toxic gases, dust, or vapors.
Exposure to corrosive, irritating, or carcinogenic substances.
Ergonomic Risks
Unnatural postures.
Repetitive movements.
Excessive exertion leading to musculoskeletal injuries.
Fire and explosion hazards
Improperly stored flammable materials.
Suspended dust or explosive atmospheres (ATEX).
What is meant by a machine's danger zone?
A hazard zone is any area where a worker may be exposed to hazards during operation, maintenance, or cleaning. These zones must be protected by:
- Reservations.
- Physical barriers.
- Emergency stop buttons.
- Sensors and locking systems.
Risk assessment in accordance with ISO 12100
ISO 12100 describes how to conduct risk assessment and risk reduction during the design phase of a machine. Applying this standard helps prevent incidents and ensures that the equipment complies with essential health and safety requirements.
👉 Descubre más en nuestra página sobre la Evaluación de riesgos según ISO 12100.
Mandatory documentation and requirements for machinery
EC Declaration of Conformity
A document certifying that the machine complies with legal and safety requirements.
CE Marking
Mandatory identification that must be visible on all machines approved for sale.
👉 Visita nuestra página sobre Marcado CE en maquinaria para más información.
TICE Group: Experts in machinery safety in Valencia
At Grupo TICE, we specialize in industrial safety. We can help you:
Comply with current regulations.
Obtain the CE marking for your equipment.
Obtain the CE marking for your equipment.
Prevent accidents and protect your employees.
📞 Contacta con nosotros al 961 55 40 72 o escríbenos a info@grupotice.es.
